The durable fix uses properties bitcoin already has. Multiple signatures are native to the protocol, which means keys can be generated and held by independent regulated institutions, with no single institution able to move or lose the asset, the company holding legal title, named users with defined roles, approval policies on every withdrawal, and an audit trail a board can actually read.

Institutions are already moving in this direction. When Morgan Stanley designed custody for its proposed bitcoin ETF, it named two custodians rather than one, a sign that relying on a single custodian is now a live concern at the top of the market. But splitting custody only goes halfway. The real test is whether the owner can see for itself what it holds, without taking any custodian’s word for it. Bitcoin makes that possible, and a custody setup that doesn’t take advantage of it leaves the owner exactly where Coinbase’s clients are today, waiting for someone to tell them the truth.

Single-custodians are, admittedly, convenient

The fair objection is that single-custodian arrangements exist for good reasons. They’re simple: one counterparty to vet, one contract, one integration, and for many companies that simplicity is worth a lot. Spreading custody across independent institutions is harder than it sounds, requiring coordination, shared standards and operational discipline the industry spent its first 15 years avoiding.